Resumen

ZALAQUETT, Ricardo et al. Repair of the regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve. Rev Chil Cardiol [online]. 2016, vol.35, n.1, pp.32-40. ISSN 0718-8560.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-85602016000100004.

Background: Aortic insufficiency (AI) is rarely amenable to surgical repair. One of the exceptions to that statement is the bicuspid aortic valve Aim: to analyze our results in the repair of a regur-gitant bicuspid aortic valve Method: A review of the cardiac surgery data base in the period January 1994 to July 2014 allowed the identification of 29 patients with AI and a bicuspid aortic valve submitted to surgical repair. The data from the clinical record and the surgical report was analyzed. Survival was established from the National Identification Service. Results: all patients were males. Mean age was 39.4 years (range 19-61). Five patients had infective endocarditis. Preoperative echocardiography revealed severe AI in 25 patients (86%) and moderate AI in 4. Left ventricular diastolic and systolic diameters were 67,8 ± 6,7 and 44 ± 7,1 mm, respectively. All patients presented fusion of the left and right leaflets with mid rafhe, and 3 patients had an incomplete rafhe with a cleft. AI was caused by prolapsed fu-sioned leaflet in 23 patients, leaflet perforation in 3, cleft in one and perforation plus cleft in 2 patients. Triangular resection was performed in 23 (79%) and complemented by annuloplasty in 16 (55%) patients. Three patients underwent closure of a perforation and 3 a repair of the cleft. An additional surgical procedure was performed in 10 patients. All patients underwent intra-operative TEE. 35% had no residual AI and 65% had minimal or mild AI. There was no surgical mortality. Follow up was completed in all patients. Two patients (7%) died from non cardiac causes. Seven patients (24%) had to be re-operated on, a mean of 7.1 years after the initial surgery. Mean survival rate was 19.3 (95% CI 17.6-21), and mean survival free from re-operation was 15.8 years (95%CI 13-18.7) at 20.6 years of follow up. Echo-cardiogram performed at a mean of 4.9 years after surgery showed a reduction of LV systolic diameter of 6,15 ± 7,2 mm (p<0,05), LV diastolic diameter of 11,26 ± 8,7 mm (p<0,05) and fractional shortening of 1,12 ± 5,57% (p<0,33). In the group of 22 patients who did not have a re-operation, AI was absent in 9, mild in 6 and moderate in 3; 4 patients had mild aortic stenosis. Conclusion: Surgical repair of the regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve has low peri-operative mortality rate and excellent late survival. Reoperation, required in 24% of patients, occurred late after the initial operation in most cases.

Palabras clave : bicuspid aortic valve; aortic insufficiency; valve repair.

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