Introduction:

Up to 50% of chest wall tumors are malignant; among which rib plasmocytoma stand out.

Aim:

Showcase a clinical case that debuted as a rib plasmacytoma, and that ended up presenting as Multiple Myeloma.

Materials and Method:

Records of a patient with resection of chest wall tumor.

Results:

Male patient of 58 years, with one year of costal pain, associated with an indurated increase in volume at the level of the eighth right rib in the mid-axillary line. Chest CT scan demonstrated a suggestive image of plasmacytoma of 79 × 44 mm. Surgical resection was performed, with prolene mesh installation in the defect. Biopsy showed neoplastic compromise due to monoclonal lesion of plasma cells. Study is complemented with bone marrow biopsy confirming multiple myeloma. The patient was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a low frequency entity, which is associated with the presence of multiple myeloma. At the moment of suspicion, it is necessary to rule out their presence, in order to improve the patient's prognosis.

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